What is the equation for impedance?

The equation for impedance is represented as Z = the square root of {(Resistance^2 + Reactance^2)}. This formula incorporates both resistance and reactance to provide a complete picture of how an electrical component will respond to alternating current (AC).

Resistance measures the opposition to the flow of current, while reactance represents the opposition due to inductance and capacitance in an AC circuit. The correct formula indicates that total impedance is a combination of these two factors, taking into account their contributions in a way that is analogous to the Pythagorean theorem.

By using the square root of the sum of the squares of resistance and reactance, this formula accounts for phase differences between voltage and current, which is crucial in AC systems. The correct answer captures this relationship accurately. In contrast, other proposed options either oversimplify the relationship by not considering both resistance and reactance appropriately or misrepresent the mathematical operations required to compute impedance in AC circuits.